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Particle concentration measurement by various methods
Kuruc, Jan ; Kalivodová, Markéta (referee) ; Sitek, Tomáš (advisor)
In addition to the gaseous components, the Earth's atmosphere contains solid and liquid particles from various sources. These particles are monitored and examined mainly due to their environmental and health impacts and many methods are used for their monitoring and measurement. The aim of the research part of this thesis is to bring the topic of aerosol particles, namely their division, the methods of formation closer, to indicate the impact of these particles on the environment and human health, and to further describe the measuring instruments used to measure the concentration of fine particles. The practical part of this work is the measurement of particle concentration using the impactor, the monitoring of particle concentrations and other data measured by the Brno-Arboretum measuring station, as well as the subsequent evaluation of the measured and monitored data. The primary output from the almost 18-day impactor measurement is considered to be the total concentration of all captured particles of 11.56 g/Nm. The size distribution of the captured particles is plotted in the graph, as well as the quantities monitored from the station. The data obtained is compared at the end and the links linking these data are given.
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Particle concentration measurement by various methods
Kuruc, Jan ; Kalivodová, Markéta (referee) ; Sitek, Tomáš (advisor)
In addition to the gaseous components, the Earth's atmosphere contains solid and liquid particles from various sources. These particles are monitored and examined mainly due to their environmental and health impacts and many methods are used for their monitoring and measurement. The aim of the research part of this thesis is to bring the topic of aerosol particles, namely their division, the methods of formation closer, to indicate the impact of these particles on the environment and human health, and to further describe the measuring instruments used to measure the concentration of fine particles. The practical part of this work is the measurement of particle concentration using the impactor, the monitoring of particle concentrations and other data measured by the Brno-Arboretum measuring station, as well as the subsequent evaluation of the measured and monitored data. The primary output from the almost 18-day impactor measurement is considered to be the total concentration of all captured particles of 11.56 g/Nm. The size distribution of the captured particles is plotted in the graph, as well as the quantities monitored from the station. The data obtained is compared at the end and the links linking these data are given.
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Hydroscopic Behaviours of Ammonium Sulfate/Organic Mixtures Including Dicarboxylic Acid and Oligomer.
Bouzidi, Hichem ; Zuend, A. ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Ždímal, Vladimír
Here, the hygroscopic behavior of submicron particles composed of ammonium sulfate (AS), dicarboxylic acids (including oxalic acid (OA), malonic acid (MA)), and oligomer Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-300 (-CH2OCH2-)n) is investigated with a Hygroscopicity Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (HTDMA), under relative humidity (RH) below 100%. The aerosol systems were varied in their complexity and ranged from single-component to more complex systems (2, 3 and 4 components). The experimental data are compared with predictions from Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson (ZSR) mixing rule (Stokes and Robinson, 1966) and the thermodynamic model Aerosol Inorganic-Organic Mixtures Functional groups Activity Coefficients (AIOMFAC) (Zuend et al., 2011).
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22018110212480 - PDF
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Characteristic of aerosol particles in indoor environment of different types of libraries and archives
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří (advisor) ; Hovorka, Jan (referee) ; Barták, Martin (referee)
Aerosol particles are one of the major pollutants in outdoor and indoor air. Particulate matter (PM) can be harmful for works of art by causing soiling and chemical damage, depending on particle size and chemical composition. This study includes indoor/outdoor monitoring of air quality in five archives in the CR, representing different outdoor environments: Zlatá Koruna (rural), Třeboň (small town), Teplice (industrial area), and two archives (National Library - NL and National Archives - NA) in Prague (large city with traffic). The NL and the archives in Zlatá Koruna, Třeboň and Teplice are only naturally ventilated, while NA in Prague is equipped with ventilation and filtration system. The measurements were performed during 4 intensive campaigns in different seasons of the year at every location. The measurements included particle number/mass concentrations, size distributions and chemical composition. Additional measurements were carried out in 2 museums, a depository, and a church. The aim of this study is to investigate concentrations, sources, and chemical composition of PM in the indoor environment, and to establish the relationship between the indoor and outdoor environment. The results showed that concentrations of fine particles in the indoor environment of the NA in Prague were...
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Monitoring the coefficient of light scattering on aerosol particles at the Kosetice background station
Holubová Šmejkalová, Adéla ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Holoubek, Ivan
The direct effect of the atmospheric aerosols to radiation balance is the scattering or absorption of light on these particles. While solar radiation on aerosol particles or clouds negatively affects the radiation (resulting in cooling), absorbtion causes increasing of the ambient air temperature. Contribution to the study of the effect of aerosol particles on the climate, a measurement of the coefficient of light scattering is carry out at the Kosetice background station. The Integrating Nefelometer measures at 3-wavelength (RGB) forward and back light scattering. The values of the scattering coefficient at 550 nm (green) are typically high in the cold part of the year, reflecting both increased concentrations of pollutants and stable atmospheric conditions. Daily variability is the smallest in summer (varies between 25 and 18 Mm-1), the most noticeable daily variation is observed in the spring, when stable values 44 Mm-1 drop after noon to 26 Mm-1. The calculation of Ångström's exponent showed that in the summer, the fine fraction dominates in the sampled air.
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Aerosol Chemical Composition Studied by the Aerosol Mass Spectrometry – Identification of Aerosol Emerging during New Year´s Celebration
Kubelová, Lucie ; Vodička, Petr ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Ždímal, Vladimír
This study focused on finding of a marker of presence of aerosol originating during fireworks using aerosol mass spectrometer c-ToF-AMS. During the 48-hour campaign, we observed 4 episodes characterized by increased mass concentration of aerosol. Nonetheless, the main focus was placed on the episode right after the New Year's celebration.The AMS spectrometer enabled to identify fragments originating from fireworks. We found that presence of fireworks aerosol particles leads to a significant increase of the ratio m/z 39 and total organic mass. Since the increase in the fragment m/z 39 is usually connected with an increase in organic matter (i.e. with their relatively small mutual ratio), it is possible to consider the increased value of such ratio as a marker of presence of aerosol pariticles originating from firewords.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22015022514110 - PDF
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